常用分析化学词汇(页 1) - 【专业外语】 - 分析化学论坛 |分析化学|化学分析|仪器分析|分析测试|色谱|电泳|光谱|等交流

materialcarbon 发表于 2007-8-14 01:23

常用分析化学词汇

常用分析化学词汇
玻璃漏斗 Glass funnel long stemq3`'NY#j4Zy(~,[$wV
5[|S5J4AK?
试管 test tube test tube brush test tube holder test tube rack1W C8v Y'l

蒸发皿 evaporating dish small

烧杯 beaker | |*r#\*uPk

锥形瓶 ErlenmeyersIW}Yx5R
(oG%{,p1_N.Q@o
量筒 grad cylinderJK$D5H.D,|l

洗瓶 plastic wash bottle
H;j\Xx&?
勺皿 casserole ,small stoppered flask 2FoJIR7v'G%~ E2~]k
5b'G^zev
分液漏斗 separalory funnel)U Yw%Mp?A

warter bath/oil bath([%~!LrP9c&]aL

strring baryI%P[O7K&M
5\}WdB-gOg2l
magnetic stirrer

冷凝器 condenser;kC3[.an3gR

Ballast bottle

圆颈烧瓶 Round-bottom flask
4B_C Y2R2nR
试剂瓶 reagent bottles #V:fr l ~7K}

托盘天平 platform balance 台秤

0.1g 托盘pan 指针刻度表pointer and scale%g?,X-MZ,vb

crossbeams and sliding weights 游码
l0t(K$p {nVg`
分析天平 two-pan/single-pan analytical balance

滴定管 burette glass bead(basic) nozzle)zAit GDF
:zSTWIM@'{'J
移液管 pipette 胖肚 elongated glass bulb
wj*S6osAI3xM
洗耳球 rubber suction bulb

玻棒 glass rod
*`#Gk!}$MRS,J)x
玻璃活塞 stopcock
K4x)bh.H+Z} o
容量瓶 pyknowmeter flasks
Y0ojfu*t4N^
比重瓶 (one-mark)volumetric flasks
#U&^Z8e;bdy

胖肚吸管 one-mark pipette

刻度吸管 graduated pipettes
;j\Sk%LRSm
锥形瓶(conical flask) 250ml×4 药匙(medicine spoon)×1

(Erlenmeyer flask) 100 ml×3 滴管(drip tube;dropper)×2$aVvdi*]"RF-O

烧杯(beaker) 500 ml×1 玻棒(Glass stic)×2jqq.IP_

250 ml×3 木试管夹(test tube clamp;test tube holder)×1

100 ml×3 胖肚吸管(straws) 25 ml×1
4g,{(r(O@Y\
50 ml×2 10 ml×1dG9w)qC\"\b4DM
7^}6I:`^eG
容量瓶(volumetric flask) 100 ml×2 乳钵(morta)×1W%~3QE p+ifcvK E
`2?Sq;U}7W
50 ml×4 洗耳球(ear washing bulb)

碘量瓶 (Iodine numoe flask; iodine flask) 500 ml×3

试剂瓶 (reagent bottle) （无色）×2
vJol_$X:\3Z;l
（棕色）×2 配洗液：C.f+?{0Y/{M(j
5Cv-jUP*kQ9D6J
量筒（cylinder） 100 ml×1 K2Cr2O72g+5ml水→65mlH2SO4
wt X+^tcV@
(graduated cylinder)10ml×1 边加边搅拌(stir)。 kl.f(w!~}&E]p)a
1NYo8p4|VR
铁支架(siderocradle)+蝴蝶架
J,E Jt%DH7[
白瓷板(White Porcelain Board ) （一）清点仪器(to count;to make an inventory) e k8A)mW9V6o
#X6]+i4PZ7a-t-Fi
酸式滴定管(Acid burette) 25 ml×1 配洗液 (Lotion)

碱式滴定管(Alkali burette)25 ml×1 一般仪器的洗涤!|lX-`rE8Xv"j]k

直型冷凝器(rectocondensor)×1 容量瓶(volumetric flask)btC6SU f\

漏斗架 (funnel stand) ×2 移液管(pipe):nTWJz#R V]"`

水浴锅(water bath kettle) ×1 XBo^:b~emE

温度计(Thermometer;hygrometer;hydroscope) ×1
s9ND0| \2\U8@p
电炉(electric furnace;electric hot plate;electric stove) 四人一个 N%H?YmD

分析化学：analytical chemistry

定性分析：qualitative analysis
w4l+Sy7_B*mb
定量分析：quantitative analysis\hZ*r8DEc"p)h
{8}"VN%Ft
物理分析：physical analysist$n)yCA qC
YBJ(r/O,B
物理化学分析：physico-chemical analysis$a2@VU8XP oE?t*n

仪器分析法：instrumental analysis3O2P} F&W HG

流动注射分析法：flow injection analysis；FIA

顺序注射分析法：sequentical injection analysis;SIA

化学计量学：chemometricsc'ba:x,S#u
N1b,hB0W!w1{MV
绝对误差：absolute error
*Yhz;~&C;PQY
相对误差：relative error7D4^3u;@%m(o
[R6oG S$y eay,D^?
系统误差：systematic error
;ed5Gp Q
可定误差：determinate error4k#s*|$@7Q!]
M$y/g\\&S\1B
随机误差：accidental error

不可定误差：indeterminate error#bBs xtDE3_9jY
:g7M'{ v8pq5Vi
准确度：accuracy
x bW7S&b8E,vOz*L
精确度：precision
Tygyy
偏差：debiation，dLE:Esr:u

平均偏差：average debiation|)Wl6}2kuB
V'R;J0UtH~g:?
相对平均偏差：relative average debiation#Z0Qa+l.g$[ q{!|
#g~t8d:T
标准偏差（标准差）：standerd deviation;S

相对平均偏差：relatibe standard deviation;RSDj9j8v1xk {.O/y
*w eN^.oJ7S-H
变异系数：coefficient of variation

误差传递：propagation of error

有效数字：significant figureG9bwP1B
byW,FY6h9x8\['@Q`
置信水平：confidence level#J^7q$~qHl;D/`2{~D

显著性水平：level of significancek"f6Lc-r.qJx
6|_Q8Q7M,z8]X
合并标准偏差（组合标准差）：pooled standard debiation

舍弃商：rejection quotient ;Q g`OR:G KtK

滴定分析法：titrametric analysisJEJ/_5T$\!xv$L$}N"e
KIefIK@ s
滴定：titration?+|)Hcw fxb8N1V0`
e/JJ$nrh({u
容量分析法:volumetric analysis
D{7s+F&|?,f
化学计量点：stoichiometric point!q'ch2qt3c
bmv0s:P6Zb`2f
等当点：equivalent point

电荷平衡：charge balances%y9Y)ee8W
.u.Zwy6AW
电荷平衡式：charge balance equation
'h;_-?"jj,@/W'Gm
质量平衡：mass balance
!\@$~Dv:RK#X
物料平衡：material balanceU\ Ob$T]bw
2`O%}$?)Le.{S9u
质量平衡式：mass balance equationgr4E]~,t9b,FqW
RAJbf9bC-p5tG
酸碱滴定法：acid-base titrations

质子自递反应：autoprotolysis reaction0i U}8t/S)Z
r7OU)td-Y"r Z
质子自递常数：autoprotolysis constant
F!?3g2rf
质子条件式:proton balance equation
:e)D as3p:u
酸碱指示剂：acid-base indicatorrb4H,VJ$X

指示剂常数：indicator constant
-na;RLqbxo
变色范围：colour change interval

混合指示剂：mixed indicator4hIZ7Q6c.i?

双指示剂滴定法：double indicator titration

非水滴定法：nonaqueous titrations

质子溶剂：protonic solvent

酸性溶剂：acid solvent x p t SbL3`I j
DJq#j4?1lU{
碱性溶剂：basic solvent .du1J%Cs/Y*HQ

两性溶剂:amphototeric solvent 7i/@c3WoL~a
%V @&OfN&p
无质子溶剂：aprotic solvent *Fi!T1fG[2C |}

均化效应：differentiating effect

区分性溶剂：differentiating solvent -ert4J1q]#V

离子化：ionization0I3tDP7t
oL G0c2h3@
离解：dissociation
4j\)bADq"cR?`TQ
结晶紫：crystal violetMWY*W k$Q,D8x

萘酚苯甲醇: α-naphthalphenol benzyl alcohol

奎哪啶红：quinadineredrMJ9RWo;u"D]

百里酚蓝：thymol blueHr5F!N)V8Wmn#w~-?

偶氮紫：azo violet
R`+oAk1g0M8\(N$r
溴酚蓝：bromophenol blue%yr y0g-K:l |
{ m?ul$j
配位滴定法：compleximetry

乙二胺四乙酸：ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid,EDTA+~*y&t1GPgW
f+SV lU
螯合物：chelate compound
分配比：distribution ratio
G|+B8_u1`F
离子对（离子缔合物）：ion pair
,\0|w5z(L4p%Q/O
沉淀形式：precipitation formsX1v/O5Xag
r4W#a9?$XJ&P
称量形式：weighing forms*kh}@G4kq#g.W

物理分析：physical analysisR$E ^ B%MR3?9z
Wg!Kq C e*l8ti
物理化学分析：physicochemical analysis X+@N7L-rq*l;B

仪器分析：instrumental analysis&ym+v [T j;]+QK7pVh

电化学分析：electrochemical analysis

电解法：electrolytic analysis method
K![BUS
电重量法：electtogravimetryM`Ui:V-L

库仑法：coulometry
-gh~Z/g.C%e
库仑滴定法：coulometric titrationJ,qc;Z:N y(m(y4~
X)?E2QwZwFZ
电导法：conductometry/[9H\O6j*@2b,Ns
jW cq:|u"T
电导分析法：conductometric analysis9|5\?w/Ym.q"o3]'J/E^
] K[(N%vy2_!n*o-l
电导滴定法：conductometric titration
h|/J F\
电位法：potentiometry bcVn-U

直接电位法：dirext potentiometryt o9}RE*B)^}
/UZ a3x0n S%e
电位滴定法：potentiometric titrationmU2]kN3e
0D,f'M4k5r}lAg
伏安法：voltammetry+Jz$a/gYQ@7e:Q!Q

极谱法：polarography rGG8nEs4@+no
q9X?uV0a'L
溶出法：stripping method.l*XWPiSQ-j

电流滴定法：amperometric titration
WT:^.?/F r
化学双电层：chemical double layerm;bwYX'w

相界电位：phase boundary potential ONY&],P0E

金属电极电位：electrode potential
]Fq$]"[)x.p
化学电池：chemical cell
x!y%D2\ \5f
液接界面：liquid junction boundaryn`2h+n'RFI

原电池：galvanic cell
y;]m9h#X,E
电解池：electrolytic cell
z S4g5T @J7Po%P
负极：cathrode

正极：anode
b;Z(t.O#]ul
电池电动势：eletromotive force

指示电极：indicator electrode

参比电极：reference electroade
`z3w4J Ad
标准氢电极：standard hydrogen electrode']Z+N4bmQ
$J$]ly8?v
一级参比电极：primary reference electrode
2k,E I xUBi
饱和甘汞电极：standard calomel electrode%g-i@7S$Xa

银－氯化银电极：silver silver-chloride electrode,bo@3Oe5hC$n ?

液接界面：liquid junction boundaryEMkcLkf-DE$o G
7Lb*U0j^LNL
不对称电位：asymmetry potential
+N!MRMB0i`m6t
表观PH值：apparent PH 0bf#xp!Szci
\!Y#L H)[8r_ j
复合PH电极：combination PH electrode

离子选择电极：ion selective electrode

敏感器：sensor

晶体电极:crystalline electrodes2DOmDvX$u

均相膜电极：homogeneous membrance electrodes { CwZ_#q6Wv
}Oo0e%l5`
非均相膜电极：heterog eneous membrance electrodes*\x vZ"U0X
/Ni n%pt(LX
非晶体电极：non- crystalline electrodes
'tCk |Df0DS
刚性基质电极：rigid matrix electrode_c9a&IU^3r
e*{8ko$`#^"Y8[b
流流体载动电极：electrode with a mobile carrier

气敏电极：gas sensing electrodes4GD#T-` n
Nsx~,M}
酶电极：enzyme electrodes:cn0A ~a7Ub6Db W

金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管：MOSFETM{%{ p{*])Sq
n pGj,| ~v'c
离子选择场效应管：ISFET
%y\'k/PHLn,M%g%xd'v6Z
总离子强度调节缓冲剂：total ion strength adjustment buffer,TISAB(D~vG\%O-A

永停滴定法：dead-stop titration

双电流滴定法（双安培滴定法）：double amperometric titration

普朗克常数：Plank constant

电磁波谱：electromagnetic spectrum5J8L,Aa!ea
I6Q"x5d9~%R[%fx
光谱：spectrum

光谱分析法：spectroscopic analysis
mV5B1T\%F+ccw
原子发射光谱法：atomic emission spectroscopy
;fs }2Cvb,[v-i
质量谱：mass spectrum

质谱法：mass spectroscopy,MS ]I.^4M b kpWg

紫外－可见分光光度法：ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry;UV-vis

肩峰：shoulder peak
[)a PVxVY!f0^
末端吸收：end absorbtionc'oDx&Ic

生色团：chromophore

助色团：auxochromeRJ`(UnqH1I
|5p-W oSZkSx(v
红移：red shiftZbl(gj O Y
9\\_^p"w+_
长移：bathochromic shift!x|GA8]

短移：hypsochromic shift

蓝（紫）移：blue shiftE3z/E;?;DW5e

增色效应（浓色效应）：hyperchromic effect
2OB.l&q0Z2nG,t
减色效应（淡色效应）：hypochromic effect6T0Q3Vr$O{!N)m;I9q
*Xk1u q1R0~HSS
强带：strong bandD#{6`2@e3r k'L
y&W.R;@5m6["^
弱带：weak bandv&`:{Ro'q*j

吸收带：absorption bandb"wt&gX-O

透光率：transmitance,T

吸光度：absorbanceRu1^/C8|`x8k

谱带宽度：band widthqz7`N2d(Hd

杂散光：stray light

噪声：noise iV{E3~9YD)}0`
-K[:s!?&c9I
暗噪声：dark noise)uI,on-W.B${o
H"H0i-F"u1Au$V
散粒噪声：signal shot noise
(iW%d$r$[EP9x,_
闪耀光栅：blazed grating

全息光栅：holographic graaing x!M+pcO8D/F

光二极管阵列检测器：photodiode array detector

偏最小二乘法：partial least squares method ,PLS4k(n&V+q.C qaR

褶合光谱法：convolution spectrometryid/~j v[z#A

褶合变换：convolution transform,CT

离散小波变换：wavelet transform,WT
v7w%d0^ W%n
多尺度细化分析：multiscale analysis
9w%`w@|\LAD
供电子取代基：electron donating group

吸电子取代基：electron with-drawing group

荧光：fluorescencej8]#NGGMXUN
%W.fI1Y'o^qS
荧光分析法：fluorometry0Kg"JJc&u
H'_ ?k+M
X-射线荧光分析法：X-ray fulorometry"]nu,M'_E8xV

原子荧光分析法：atomic fluorometry
"y t4j;Z4bN4e
分子荧光分析法：molecular fluorometrya`6S5ga(M rHwE

振动弛豫：vibrational relexation

内转换：internal conversiona%\5T\%cL,e4j
4W8ioC\u0N,F
外转换：external conversion
w/B|-sK]h4H
体系间跨越：intersystem crossing3S5k_h m)K1\0]
a H5br%e"zs
激发光谱：excitation spectrumB%Y%W L~g(K(g
$zq U,A&UMc'?@(i
荧光光谱：fluorescence spectrum

斯托克斯位移：Stokes shiftN5~%|jA*O1sUf

荧光寿命：fluorescence life time2~&Gh.Oz"e

荧光效率：fluorescence efficiency

荧光量子产率：fluorescence quantum yield

荧光熄灭法：fluorescence quemching method
!vH8h(b'Y5j
散射光：scattering light

瑞利光：Reyleith scanttering light,mYh_"k

拉曼光：Raman scattering light

红外线：infrared ray,IR`{~O-C\W fU#VP
j^4E"N-z b c
中红外吸收光谱：mid-infrared absorption spectrum,Mid-IR
%Q5D5C7^\y
远红外光谱：Far-IR1a,R3n"M1C ]"o
4YC&LTZu
微波谱：microwave spectrum,MV

红外吸收光谱法：infrared spectroscopy
+l3y0n7o6e
红外分光光度法：infrared spectrophotometry#pD9F8v#PEg
a3P Wi'_5a8GL7C%ox
振动形式：mode of vibrationFfXP:IQ7GO

伸缩振动：stretching vibration@.mF`PZWP5g

对称伸缩振动：symmetrical stretching vibrationo V?"Hk-P
5N8y1JS]3e _n-N"A
不对称伸缩振动：asymmetrical stretching vibrationM"qd5J%l$e"D5T6s
$[L2Cw$iwz*C.K[/O
弯曲振动：bending vibrationt.J\u q9d,Me^
6Ai[sq},M:y `|
变形振动：formation vibrationEc'TS@.t
G+NdMU9p
面内弯曲振动:in-plane bending vibration,β

剪式振动：scissoring vibration,δ
EJFV P f"mJ/tY
面内摇摆振动：rocking vibration,ρ
e8C;O0k/x^4J@ LB \7d
核磁共振：nuclear magnetic resonance,NMR ];Xnzz@8i8k

核磁共振波谱：NMR spectrumqx@+[a.Jl3n

核磁共振波谱法：NMR spectroscopy9s*f?^pYC nD)e A

扫场：swept field] HGBJ'`q\5GJ
$F3wt(z'mia u
扫频：seept frequency

连续波核磁共振：continuous wave NMR,CW NMR

Fourier变换NMR：PFT-NMR,FT-NMR

二维核磁共振谱：2D-NMR

质子核磁共振谱：proton magnetic resonance spectrum,PMR

氢谱：1H-NMR
7?xY-C/x'g#S
碳－13核磁共振谱：13C-NMR spectrum,13CNMR

自旋角动量：spin angular momentum

快乐竹子 发表于 2007-8-14 16:50

好啊，辛苦了！！呵呵

game 发表于 2008-3-26 15:27

回复 1# 的帖子

谢谢版主的资料!

jhuang4 发表于 2008-7-16 20:17

非常实用

zhangsj111111 发表于 2008-8-3 16:25

谢谢！

gj254863196 发表于 2008-8-4 15:30

嗯，谢谢！！:)

zhou110200 发表于 2008-8-8 16:38

grtre

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